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Configuring the ClamAV antivirus scanner
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You can configure your Nextcloud server to automatically run a virus scan on
newly-uploaded files with the Antivirus App for Files. The Antivirus App for
Files integrates the open source anti-virus engine `ClamAV
<http://www.clamav.net/index.html>`_ with Nextcloud. ClamAV detects all forms
of malware including Trojan horses, viruses, and worms, and it operates on all
major file types including Windows, Linux, and Mac files, compressed files,
executables, image files, Flash, PDF, and many others. ClamAV's Freshclam
daemon automatically updates its malware signature database at scheduled
intervals.
ClamAV runs on Linux and any Unix-type operating system, and Microsoft Windows.
However, it has only been tested with Nextcloud on Linux, so these instructions
are for Linux systems. You must first install ClamAV, and then install and
configure the Antivirus App for Files on Nextcloud.
Installing ClamAV
-----------------
As always, the various Linux distributions manage installing and configuring
ClamAV in different ways.
Debian, Ubuntu, Linux Mint
On Debian and Ubuntu systems, and their many variants, install ClamAV with
these commands::
apt-get install clamav clamav-daemon
The installer automatically creates default configuration files and launches the
``clamd`` and ``freshclam`` daemons. You don't have to do anything more, though
it's a good idea to review the ClamAV documentation and your settings in
``/etc/clamav/``. Enable verbose logging in both ``clamd.conf`` and
``freshclam.conf`` until you get any kinks worked out.
Red Hat 7, CentOS 7
On Red Hat 7 and related systems you must install the Extra Packages for
Enterprise Linux (EPEL) repository, and then install ClamAV::
yum install epel-release
yum install clamav clamav-scanner clamav-scanner-systemd clamav-server
clamav-server-systemd clamav-update
This installs two configuration files: ``/etc/freshclam.conf`` and
``/etc/clamd.d/scan.conf``. You must edit both of these before you can run
ClamAV. Both files are well-commented, and ``man clamd.conf`` and ``man
freshclam.conf`` explain all the options. Refer to ``/etc/passwd`` and
``/etc/group`` when you need to verify the ClamAV user and group.
First edit ``/etc/freshclam.conf`` and configure your options.
``freshclam`` updates your malware database, so you want it to run frequently to
get updated malware signatures. Run it manually post-installation to download
your first set of malware signatures::
freshclam
The EPEL packages do not include an init file for ``freshclam``, so the quick
and easy way to set it up for regular checks is with a cron job. This example
runs it every hour at 47 minutes past the hour::
# m h dom mon dow command
47 * * * * /usr/bin/freshclam --quiet
Please avoid any multiples of 10, because those are when the ClamAV servers are
hit the hardest for updates.
Next, edit ``/etc/clamd.d/scan.conf``. When you're finished you must enable
the ``clamd`` service file and start ``clamd``::
systemctl enable clamd@scan.service
systemctl start clamd@scan.service
That should take care of everything. Enable verbose logging in ``scan.conf``
and ``freshclam.conf`` until it is running the way you want.
Enabling the antivirus app for files
------------------------------------
Place the ``files_antivirus`` app into the ``apps`` directory of your Nextcloud
server. Then the app shows up on the Nextcloud Apps page where it simply can be
enabled.
.. figure:: ../images/antivirus-app.png
Configuring ClamAV on Nextcloud
-------------------------------
Next, go to your Nextcloud Admin page and set your Nextcloud logging level to
Everything.
.. figure:: ../images/antivirus-logging.png
Now find your Antivirus Configuration panel on your Admin page.
.. figure:: ../images/antivirus-config.png
ClamAV runs in one of three modes:
* Daemon (Socket): ClamAV is running on the same server as Nextcloud. The ClamAV
daemon, ``clamd``, runs in the background. When there is no activity ``clamd``
places a minimal load on your system. If your users upload large volumes of
files you will see high CPU usage.
* Daemon: ClamAV is running on a different server. This is a good option
for Nextcloud servers with high volumes of file uploads.
* Executable: ClamAV is running on the same server as Nextcloud, and the
``clamscan`` command is started and then stopped with each file upload.
``clamscan`` is slow and not always reliable for on-demand usage; it is
better to use one of the daemon modes.
Daemon (Socket)
Nextcloud should detect your ``clamd`` socket and fill in the ``Socket``
field. This is the ``LocalSocket`` option in ``clamd.conf``. You can
run ``netstat`` to verify::
netstat -a|grep clam
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 15857 /var/run/clamav/clamd.ctl
.. figure:: ../images/antivirus-daemon-socket.png
The ``Stream Length`` value sets the number of bytes read in one pass.
10485760 bytes, or ten megabytes, is the default. This value should be
no larger than the PHP ``memory_limit`` settings, or physical memory if
``memory_limit`` is set to -1 (no limit).
``Action for infected files found while scanning`` gives you the choice of
logging any alerts without deleting the files, or immediately deleting
infected files.
Daemon
For the Daemon option you need the hostname or IP address of the remote
server running ClamAV, and the server's port number.
.. figure:: ../images/antivirus-daemon.png
Executable
The Executable option requires the path to ``clamscan``, which is the
interactive ClamAV scanning command. Nextcloud should find it automatically.
.. figure:: ../images/antivirus-executable.png
When you are satisfied with how ClamAV is operating, you might want to go
back and change all of your logging to less verbose levels.